Transnational organized crime (TOC) is altering the face of national security and changing the character of the battlespace. Loose networks of criminals operate across international boundaries with impunity, and their actions are more violent, deadly, and destabilizing than in any previous time. Once viewed primarily through the lens of law enforcement as drug cartels, transnational criminal organizations now engage in a web of overlapping illegal activities, from cybercrime to trafficking in persons, money laundering, and distribution of materials for weapons of mass destruction. As the power and influence of these organizations have grown, their ability to undermine, corrode, and destabilize governments has increased. The links forged among criminal groups, terrorist movements, and insurgencies have resulted in a new type of adversary: hybrid, ever-evolving networks that are criminal, violent, and, at times, politically motivated and blend into the landscape of a globalization-dominated world. Hybrid networks adapt their structures and activities faster than countries can combat their threats. These adversaries have become the new normal, compelling governments toward integrated, innovative approaches to countering the growing dangers posed by transnational organized crime